Recent developments in brain scanning through technological refinements of SPECT, fMRI and PET scans that monitor water, blood and/or glucose movement in the human brain to observe actual brain functioning as opposed to structure are providing a wealth of new information concerning its organization, complexity and integration. Ray Kurzweil believes that exponential improvements in the temporal, spatial resolution and bandwidth of the human brain which is doubling each year, will successfully enable us to reverse engineer the human brains principals of operation in the first half of this century. This will result in that he calls the “Singularity” where machine based intelligence surpasses that of all humans combined, creating a disruptive transformation in human capability. This capability he believes will be a billion times more powerful that all of human intelligence today.
Within several decades information based technologies will encompass all human knowledge and proficiency, ultimately including the pattern recognition powers, problem solving skills, and emotional and moral intelligence of the brain itself.